Hey everyone! Welcome back! Today, we’re exploring an incredible historical gem in Karnataka—Avani. Just a couple of hours’ drive from Bangalore, this village in the Kolar district holds a deep connection to Hindu mythology and is a stunning showcase of ancient temple architecture.
Historical and Mythological Significance
Avani, also known as Avantiktakshetra, is steeped in history and legends from the Ramayana. It’s believed that Lord Rama, on his way back from Lanka, stayed here, and later, Sita took refuge on the “Lava-Kusha Betta” hill. This is where she gave birth to Lava and Kusha, and they were raised by Sage Valmiki.
The Ramalingeshwara Temple Complex
At the heart of Avani is the Ramalingeshwara Temple Complex, an awe-inspiring cluster of shrines dating back to the 10th century and built by the Nolamba dynasty. Subsequent dynasties—the Cholas, Hoysalas, and the Vijayanagara Empire—made further additions, leaving us with a blend of architectural brilliance.
Upon entering through the Mahadwara, you’ll first encounter the Subramanya Temple and then four main shrines dedicated to Lord Shiva. These shrines honor the four brothers of Ramayana: Ramalingeshwara, Lakshmalingeshwara, Shatrugnalingeshwara, and Bharatalingeshwara. Each shrine has a Shiva Linga believed to be consecrated by the respective brothers themselves.
Key Temples and Their Unique Features
- Lakshmalingeshwara Temple: This is one of the most elaborate temples in the complex, dating back to around 925 AD. It’s filled with intricate carvings of deities, with prominent depictions of Devi in various forms. The outer walls showcase detailed figures of Shiva, Vishnu, Ganapathi, and Surya. The drain for sacred water, or pranala, has a unique design with a Makara (mythical creature) mouth, similar to what you’d find at Bhoganandeeshwara Temple near Nandi Hills.
- Shatrugnalingeshwara Temple: Nearly identical in size and shape to the Lakshmalingeshwara temple, this shrine has simpler but beautiful carvings. The ceiling of the Navaranga Hall features Uma Maheshwara surrounded by Ashtadikpalas, or guardians of the eight directions. The linga inside and the subtle architectural details make this temple serene and captivating.
- Ramalingeshwara Temple: Also known as Rameshwara Temple, this is connected to a Parvathi shrine dedicated to Sitaparvathamma, which depicts mythological stories linked to Sita. Inside, you’ll find life-size statues of historical figures like Ilavanji Vasudevaraya, a Chola viceroy, and his brother Khande Raya, adding historical layers to the complex’s mythological theme.
- Bharatalingeshwara Shrine: Smaller and simpler in design, this temple has octagonal pillars similar to those in the Nandi Mandapa in front. It’s believed that this was initially named Nolamba-Narayaneshwara by Nolamba queen Divambika to honor her son Vira Mahendra, making it a temple with personal historical importance.
- Ramanjaneya Temple: Also known as Anjaneshwara Temple, this shrine’s base features prominent elephant motifs. The inner hall’s ceiling has a unique nine-lotus design, and the surrounding pierced screens feature beautiful friezes of lady dancers, adding an artistic charm to the structure.
- Kamakshi Temple: On the right side of the entrance, this temple was added by the Vijayanagar dynasty. Currently closed, it features friezes with the Vijayanagar Empire’s emblem—a boar with a dagger, sun, and moon, symbolizing victory and eternity.
- Ganji Mantapa: Near the entrance, this pillared hall was likely used to serve “ganji” (rice gruel) to devotees. This simple structure contrasts beautifully with the ornate temples around it.
Tips for Your Visit
- Bring comfortable shoes, as there’s a lot to explore, including the Lava-Kusha Hill, which you can hike for a scenic view of the village and surrounding temples.
- Start early to get the most out of your day and enjoy the peaceful atmosphere of this ancient site.
- Don’t forget to look closely at the carvings and inscriptions that tell the stories of different eras.
If you’re a history buff or just looking to experience a tranquil, spiritually significant place, Avani’s Ramalingeshwara Temple Complex is a must-visit. It’s not just a trip to a temple; it’s like stepping into a living story of India’s ancient heritage.
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